Kuliah Dek Rizky Psikologi

Techniques of interview :

• Interviewer attitude : acceptance, understanding, sincerity
• Five types of interview questions : open – ended, facilitative, clarifying, comforting, direct.

Reliability of interview :

• Reliability :
• Information variance : refer to the variation in the questions the clinicians ask, the observation that are made during the interview, and the method of integrating the information that is obtained.
• Criterion variance : refer to variation scoring thresholds among clinicans
• Two types of reliability : Interrater or interjudge reliability, test – retest reliability

Validity of interview

• content validity
• Criterion – related validity
• Discriminant validity
• Construct validity Read the rest of this entry »

Assessment : How to communicate the result

Memilih apa yang penting :

• Relevansi
• Penyimpangan dari norma
• Aspek menonjol tidaknya data
• Konfirmasi multi sumber informasi

Bagaimana mengkomunikasikan ?

Pertimbangkan : Untuk siapa dan untuk apa laporan pemeriksaan :

1. Adekuat cakupan dan tujuan
2. Organisasi baik, jelas, mudah dipahami
3. Kritis, realistis
4. Bijak dan kreatif dalam menyelesaikan masalah

Ada apa dalam laporan klinis?

1. Mencerminkan orientasi umum dan pendekatan teoritis spesifik
2. Berisi rangkuman assessment klinis : riwayat perkembangan, riwayat medis, riwayat masalah, deskripsi alat assessment, rangkuman data hasil assessment
3. Mengarahkan proses formulasi klinis : langkah selanjutnya. Rencana evaluasi intervensi Read the rest of this entry »

Communicating assessment data

• Report clarity
• Relevance to goals
• Usefulness of reports
• Clarity, meaningful, synthesis

Clinical Interview

• A conservation with a purpose or goal
• An interaction : at least 2 persons ( interviewer vs interviewer and face to face )
• Interview vs Conservation : specific purpose, participant’s role, time and place

Interview structure :

• The degree to wich the interviewer determines the content and course of the conversation
• No directive – semi structured – structured
• Goals of interview, Course of interview, theoretical orientation, and personal preferences
• Trends toward structured interview

Stage in the interview

• Stage 1 : Begining the interview, establishment the report
• Stage 2 : The middle of the interview, informational gathering : nondirective techniques, directive techniques, combining interview tactics
• Stage 3 : Closing the interview Read the rest of this entry »

Phases in clinical assessment :

• Groth – marmat ( 2003 ) :
• Evaluating the referral questions
• Acquiring knowledge relating to the content of the problem
• Data collection
• Interpreting the data
• Conceptual validity ( Maloney , and Ward, 1976 )

The clinical assessment process

• Nietzel, Bernstein, and Millich ( 2003 ) :
• A Schematic view of the clinical assessment process
• I => Planning, data, collection, procedure.
• II => Collecting, assessment, data
• III => Data, processing and hypothesis formation
• IV => Communicating assessment data

Planning for assessment :

• What do want to know?
• Assessment levels :
• Somatic
• Physical
• Demographic
• Overt behavior
• Cognitive / intellectual
• Emotional / Affective
• Environmental

Factors guiding assessment choices

• theoretical Model
• Reliability and Validity
• Clinician’s assessment specific factors ( personal preferences, training experiences )
• Clinician’s assessment strategy ( bandwidth – fidelity issues ) Read the rest of this entry »

Clinical observation assessment

• Goals :
• Collect informational that is not available in any other way
• Supplement other data as part of a multiple assessment approach

Benefits of observational assessment

• Supplementing self – reports
• Highlighting situational determinants of behavior : signs vs samples
• Minimizing inference
• Enhancing ecological validity

Observational method

• Selection : people , classes of behavior, events, situations, time
• Provocation : provoke or wait
• Recording : observer memory, record sheet, audio or videotape, physiological monitoring system, timers, counters
• Encording : most difficult : a system for encoding raw observations into usable form must be developed

Approach to observational assessment

• Naturalistic vs controlled observation
• Participants vs non participants : Complete observer, Observer as participant, participant as observer, complete participant Read the rest of this entry »